Improvement in sewing-machines



J. HAYES.

Sewing Machine .No. 55,029. Patnted May 22,1866.

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Sewing Machine.

Paterited May" 22, 1866.

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I Sewing Machin.

No.- 55029; I Patented May 22,1866;

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES HAYES, OF BOW LANE, LONDON, ENGLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN SEWING-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 55,029, dated May 22, 1866.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES HAYES, of Bow Lane, in the city of London, machinist, have invented Improvements in Sewing-Machines and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of my said invention.

The object of this invention is to simplify the construction of two-threaded chain-stich sewing machines, and to enable them to work with great rapidity and certainty, the liability of missing the loop being removed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows the improved machine in side elevation, a portion of the stand being broken away to show the parts beneath the table. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view, a portion of the table being broken away to show some of the working parts. Fig. 3 is a front elevation, and Fig. at a back elevation, of the machine, and Fig. 5 is a cross-section taken in the line 1 2 of Fig. 2.

A is the cast-iron table and frame. From the face of this table stands up the curved bracket-arm B, which carries at its forward end the guides for the needle-bar O and presser-bar D, as usual.

Below the table, and working in suitable bearings, is the longitudinal driving-shaft E. At its outer end this shaft is fitted with a driving-pulley and flywheel, E, and an eccentric, C, which is shownby dots at Fig. 4. The eccentric G is embraced by the strap 0 of the connecting-rod 0 which is coupled by a balland-socket joint to a rock-lever, O, pivoted at O to the bracket-arm B. At its forward end this rock-lever O is jointed to the needle-bar 0, and thus it imparts, through the action of the eccentric G, the requisite up-and-down motion to the vertical needle.

The loop formed by the thread carried down by the vertical needle below the cloth to be: sewed, and shown at F, Fig. 5, is taken up by an eye-pointed instrument termed the looper, (marked G.) This looper is provided with a second eye, through which the thread from the bobbin G" passes, and thence to the eye at the point. Between these eyes is a groove to receive the looper-thread and keep it freeof the vertical needle-thread. The looper is carried by the looper-bar G, which slides in a fixed guide below-the table at right angles to the driving-shaft. The looper receives its mowhich eccentric is surrounded by a metal strap connected by a coupling-rod, G with the looper-bar.

The eccentrics O and G are so timed that the needle is first caused to descend and pierce the cloth and carry down a loop of the thread which it has drawn from its bobbin, the tension of the thread being regulated in any wellknown or approved way. As the needle rises and the loop begins toopen the looper enters the loop of the needle-thread and carries the thread which it has taken from its bobbin. The needle then continues to rise, and in doing so it leaves its loop upon the stem of the looper.

The next operation is to secure the loop of the looper-thread. This is done by thehooked instrument H, which fits into a socket in one end of a cranked rock-lever, H, having its fulcrum at H This rock lever receives motion from an eccentric, H on the shaft E, which eccentric is surrounded by a metal strap attached to a rod, H, which connects it to the rock-lever H. When the looper G, having received the loop of the vertical needle-thread, has commenced its return motion, the hooked instrument H will advance and catch up the loop of the looper-thread. It will then rise and lay the loop over a ,conical stud, I, fixed on the under face of the table, and near where the table is pierced, to allow the needle to descend after piercing the work. I

The hooked instrument will hold the loop on the stud until the needle in its next descent haspassedthroughtheloop. ThcinstrumentH will then retire, leaving the loop of the looper on the stem of the needle. In this way the chain-stitch with two threads is certainly and rapidly formed, the needle-thread holding the loop formed by the looper, and the looperthread holding the loop formed by the needle.

For feeding the cloth past the needle, so as to produce a succession of stitches, the feedplate K is affixed to a carrier, K, which is operated by an eccentric-pin, K on the inner end of the shaft E. This eccentric-pin works in a slot cut in the carrier K near its front end, and serves both to support and operate the carrier. The rear end of this carrier is forked to allow of its playing upon a fulcrumpin, K crum-pin (see Fig. 2) is aloose plug, K fitted tionfrom an eccentric, G on the shaft E,

into the carrier and having behind it a coiled Bearing against the side of this fulspring, K, which keeps it in contact with the fulcrum-pin, and thus gives the carrier a tendency to recede from the pin. This tendency is, however, checked by an adjustable camsha-ped stop,K"', which is operated by a handle with which it is provided. By means of this cam the carrier is set up to any required degree, so that the eccentric-pin K will, in rotating, press against the end. of the slot in which it works, and thus drive forward the carrier, and with it the feed-plate, a distance equal to the length of stitch required. The rotation of the pin K, by reason of its workin g in an elongated slot of a width only about equal to the diameter of the pin, (see Fig. 5, Where it is shown in dots will also give the rise and fall to the feed-plate, thus throwing it up into contact with the work (which at that time is pressed down by.the presser-foot, as is well understood) to give it the traverse motion and lowering the feed-plate when it is to make its back motion.

From the above description it will be understood that when the machinc is once properly of the looper-thread, in the manner herein represented and described.

In witness whereof I, the said JAMES HAYES, have hereunto set my hand and seal the 17th day of October, in the year of our Lord 1865.

JAMES HAYES. IL. s.]

Witnesses:

FRED. WALKDEN, 66 Chancery Lane, London.

G. W. WESTLEY, Clerk to Scorer (it Harris, 24 Royal Exchange,

London. 

